Convalescent plasma in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 (RECOVERY): a randomised, controlled, open-label, platform trial
Horby PW., Estcourt L., Peto L., Emberson JR., Staplin N., Spata E., Pessoa-Amorim G., Campbell M., Roddick A., Brunskill NE., George T., Zehnder D., Tiberi S., Aung NN., Uriel A., Widdrington J., Koshy G., Brown T., Scott S., Baillie JK., Buch MH., Chappell LC., Day JN., Faust SN., Jaki T., Jeffery K., Juszczak E., Lim WS., Montgomery A., Mumford A., Rowan K., Thwaites G., Mafham M., Roberts D., Haynes R., Landray MJ.
<jats:title>ABSTRACT</jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background</jats:title><jats:p>Treatment of COVID-19 patients with plasma containing anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies may have a beneficial effect on clinical outcomes. We aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of convalescent plasma in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods</jats:title><jats:p>In this randomised, controlled, open-label, platform trial (Randomised Evaluation of COVID-19 Therapy [RECOVERY]) several possible treatments are being compared with usual care in patients hospitalised with COVID-19 in the UK. Eligible and consenting patients were randomly allocated to receive either usual care plus high titre convalescent plasma or usual care alone. The primary outcome was 28-day mortality.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Findings</jats:title><jats:p>Between 28 May 2020 and 15 January 2021, 5795 patients were randomly allocated to receive convalescent plasma and 5763 to usual care alone. There was no significant difference in 28-day mortality between the two groups: 1398 (24%) of 5795 patients allocated convalescent plasma and 1408 (24%) of 5763 patients allocated usual care died within 28 days (rate ratio [RR] 1·00; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0·93 to 1·07; p=0·93). The 28-day mortality rate ratio was similar in all prespecified subgroups of patients, including in those patients without detectable SARS-CoV-2 antibodies at randomisation. Allocation to convalescent plasma had no significant effect on the proportion of patients discharged from hospital within 28 days (66% <jats:italic>vs</jats:italic>. 67%; rate ratio 0·98; 95% CI 0·94-1·03, p=0·50). Among those not on invasive mechanical ventilation at baseline, there was no significant difference in the proportion meeting the composite endpoint of progression to invasive mechanical ventilation or death (28% <jats:italic>vs</jats:italic>. 29%; rate ratio 0·99; 95% CI 0·93-1·05, p=0·79).</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Interpretation</jats:title><jats:p>Among patients hospitalised with COVID-19, high-titre convalescent plasma did not improve survival or other prespecified clinical outcomes.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Funding</jats:title><jats:p>UK Research and Innovation (Medical Research Council) and National Institute of Health Research (Grant refs: MC_PC_19056; COV19-RECPLA).</jats:p></jats:sec>