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BackgroundThe WHO guidelines were revised recently to identify patients with severe dengue (SD) early. We proceeded to determine the usefulness of the warning signs in the new WHO guidelines in predicting SD and we have also attempted to define other simple laboratory parameters that could be useful in predicting SD.MethodsClinical and laboratory parameters were recorded in 184 patients in 2011, with confirmed dengue viral infections, admitted to a medical ward in two tertiary care hospitals in Colombo, Sri Lanka.ResultsWe found that the presence of 5 or more dengue warning signs were significantly (p=0.02) associated with the development of SD (odds ratio 5.14, 95% CI=1.312 to 20.16). The AST levels were significantly higher (p=0.0001) in patients with abdominal pain (mean 243.5, SD ± 200.7), when compared to those who did not have abdominal pain (mean 148.5, SD ± 218.6). Lymphocyte counts <1,500 cells/mm(3) were significantly (p=0.005) associated with SD (odds ratio 3.367, 95% CI 1.396 to 8.123). High AST levels were also significantly associated (p<0.0001) with SD (odds ratio 27.26, 95% CI 1.632 to 455.2). Platelet counts <20,000 cells/mm(3), were again significantly associated (p<0.001) with severe disease (odds ratio 1.632 to 455.2, 95% CI 3.089 to 14.71). The PCR was positive in 26/84 of the patients and we found that the infecting serotype was DEN-1 in all 26 patients.ConclusionsThe presence of 5 or more warning signs appears to be a predictor of SD. Lymphocyte counts <1,500 cells/mm(3), platelet counts <20,000/mm(3) and raised AST levels were associated with SD and could be used to help identify patients who are likely to develop SD.

Original publication

DOI

10.1186/1756-0500-5-645

Type

Journal article

Journal

BMC research notes

Publication Date

20/11/2012

Volume

5

Addresses

Department of Medicine, University of Sri Jayawardanapura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka.

Keywords

Humans, Dengue Virus, Dengue, Acute Disease, Abdominal Pain, Aspartate Aminotransferases, RNA, Viral, Early Diagnosis, Lymphocyte Count, Platelet Count, Prognosis, Patient Admission, Severity of Illness Index, Odds Ratio, Risk Factors, Predictive Value of Tests, Up-Regulation, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Middle Aged, World Health Organization, Sri Lanka, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Young Adult, Tertiary Care Centers, Biomarkers